Therapeutic Uses of Embelia Ribes,"Baberana","Wawrung","Viavidang","Bai bidang Krimighna","Chitramandula","Valle","Embelia",Herbal Medicinal Plant,Herbal Medicos - Herbal Medicine Plants

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Friday, December 11, 2015

Therapeutic Uses of Embelia Ribes,"Baberana","Wawrung","Viavidang","Bai bidang Krimighna","Chitramandula","Valle","Embelia",Herbal Medicinal Plant,Herbal Medicos


Embelia  Ribes





Ayurvedic name Viavidang, Bai bidang Krimighna, Chitramandula, Valle
Unani name         Baobarang, Babrang
Hindi name Baberana, Wawrung
English name       Embelia                                  
Trade name Vidanga
Parts used Berries, Fruit Powder, Roots



Therapeutic Uses
The fruits of Embelia ribes known in commerce as Baibidang are recommended for relieving headache, rhinitis, haemorrhage, epilepsy and insomnia. The decoction of dried fruits is used for fever and for chest and skin disease. Paste is applied for skin infection. The drug also exhibits significant anti-fertility, antipyretic and antibacterial activity. The fruit powder, when taken with milk, followed by a purgative has been one of the ancient remedies to get rid of tapeworms. An infusion of the roots is given in the treatment of cough and diarrhoea. Fruits show antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Embelin, which is one of the active principles of the drug, is reported to possess a property of colouring silk and woolen fabrics.
Note: In market fruits of Embelia tsjeriam-cottam ADC are mixed. These fruits are 4-5mm in diameter and it has characteristic oil gland not found in E. ribes.

Morphological Characteristics

It is a large scandant shrub with long branches, slender, flexible, terete and long internodes.  The bark is studded with lenticels. Leaves are coriacous, 5X2-4 cm long, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, shortly and obtusely acuminate, entire, glabrous on both sides, shining above, pales and somewhat silvery beneath, base rounded or acute and  main nerves numerous.  Petioles are more or less margined and glabrous.


Floral Characteristics
Flowers are small, greenish yellow, numerous in lax panicled racemes. Calyx is minute, sepals connate, broadly triangular, ovate and ciliate. Petals are 5 and free. Stamens are 5, but shorter than the petals. Fruits are globose, smooth, succulent and black when ripe. Flowering time is February.Flowering time is February. Fruits are 2.4-4.0 mm in diameter and globular with warty surface. The colour of fruit is dull black and rarely dull red.

Distribution
It is found in moist and shady places throughout India upto an altitude of 1500 meter.

Climate and Soil
Tropical and subtropical climate is required for the cultivation of this crop. Medium black well drained soils are best suited for the crop. The optimum temperature required for the crop is 180C-350C, with annual precipitation of 700 to 1500 mm. 

Propagation Material
E. ribes is propagated through seeds.

Agro-technique 

Planting in the Field

Land Preparation and Fertilizer Application:  Crop is raised through direct sowing of seeds in the field during June-July. The field is well ploughed followed by harrowing to bring the soils to a fine tilth and free from weeds. The application of organic manure (FYM) at the rate of 5-10 t/ha is recommended.

Transplanting and Optimum Spacing:    Seeds are sown directly in the field at optimum spacing of 1X1 meter.

Intercultural Operations:  The interculture operations like weeding, protective irrigation, support or staking are to be done periodically as and when required.

Disease and Pest Control:   No major disease and pest is noted. However, in case of severe infestation bio-control measures are to be adopted. 

Harvest management

Crop Maturity and Harvesting: The crop matures after 5-6 months of its sowing and the fruiting starts in October-November, when these are plucked and stored after shade drying.  

Chemical Constituents:  Seeds of Embelia ribes contain embelin – 2.5–3.1%; quercitol 1.0%; fatty ingredients 5.3% and alkaloids christembine, a resinoid, tannins and minute quantity of volatile oils.

Yield and Cost of Cultivation:   The crop yield is 190-200 kg seeds per hectare.  Rs. 42500/- is the cost of cultivation for one hactare.







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